During the round of negotiations, held in parallel with the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum in Vietnam in November 2017, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau refused to sign the agreement in principle and expressed reservations about the provisions on culture and automobiles. The Australian, New Zealand and Japanese media, which strongly supported a rapid movement for a deal, sharply criticized what they portrayed as Canadian sabotage. [17] On January 25, 2018, US President Donald Trump announced in an interview his interest in a possible return to the TPP if it was a “much better deal” for the United States. It withdrew the United States from the original agreement in January 2017. [78] On April 12, 2018, he asked white House National Economic Council Director Larry Kudlow and U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer to review adherence to the new agreement. [79] Usa Vince Peterson, president of Wheat Associates, said in December 2018 that U.S. wheat exporters could face an “imminent collapse” of their 53% market share in Japan due to CPTPP. Peterson added, “Our competitors in Australia and Canada will now benefit from these [CPTPP] provisions because U.S. farmers are watching helplessly.” The National Cattlemen`s Beef Association said beef exports to Japan, the U.S.`s largest export market, would be severely penalized for Australian exporters, given that their tariffs on exports to Japan would be reduced by 27.5 percent in the first year of the CPTPP. [80] [81] This agreement was preceded by the Trans-Pacific Partnership, approved by 12 countries, including the United States, in October 2015 and signed in February 2016. However, shortly after taking office, President Donald Trump issued an order by which he withdrew from the TPP, as he had promised during the election campaign.
To enter into force, the TPP had to be ratified by 6 or more countries, whose combined GDP had to represent 85% or more of the total GDP of the 12 signatories. With the withdrawal of the United States from the agreement, it was generally accepted that the TPP was over. Dartmouth Professor of Economics Emily J. . . .